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Is red wine really good for your heart? Here’s what the research says.

The science behind that claim largely centers around one small but mighty molecule called resveratrol. Found naturally in grape skins, red wine, berries, and even dark chocolate, resveratrol has captivated scientists for decades for its potential to support vascular health and longevity. Recent studies show it can influence angiogenesis, a process essential for wound healing, cardiovascular repair, and even cancer prevention.

What Exactly is Resveratrol?

Resveratrol (3,5,4′-trihydroxy-trans-stilbene) is a stilbenoid polyphenol—a type of antioxidant compound plants produce to defend themselves against stress and infection. In humans, it activates cellular defense systems that help reduce oxidative stress and inflammation.

This molecule exists in two forms: trans-resveratrol (the more stable and biologically active version) and cis-resveratrol. The trans form—most abundant in red grapes and wine—has been linked to improved vascular health and longevity.

Resveratrol works through multiple molecular pathways:

• SIRT1 activation – supports cellular longevity and mitochondrial function

• AMPK signaling – boosts energy regulation

• Nrf2 pathway – enhances the body’s antioxidant defense

Together, these mechanisms help scavenge harmful free radicals, calm inflammation, and protect blood vessel cells from damage.

What the Research Shows: A Dual Role in Angiogenesis

Resveratrol’s relationship with angiogenesis is fascinating because it depends on dose and context—acting like a biological “dimmer switch” that can either stimulate or suppress blood vessel growth depending on the body’s needs.

✅ Pro-Angiogenic Benefits: Helping New Vessels Grow When Needed

In conditions like diabetic wounds or tissue ischemia, where poor circulation limits healing, resveratrol helps restore balance:

• Promotes new blood vessel growth via activation of metabolic pathways

• Prevents endothelial cell death (ferroptosis) under high-glucose stress

• Boosts nitric oxide (NO) production, improving blood flow and vessel relaxation

Cell culture studies show that resveratrol accelerates diabetic wound healing, improving neovascularization and epithelial repair. In animal models of retinal ischemia, it preserved blood vessel function and reduced oxidative damage—offering protection against hypoxia-related injury.

In human trials, resveratrol has improved endothelial function and lowered blood pressure in people with type 2 diabetes. Doses from 250–1000 mg/day enhanced flow-mediated dilation (a measure of vascular flexibility) and reduced oxidative stress markers.

🚫 Anti-Angiogenic Effects: Stopping Vessels Where They Don’t Belong  

In contrast, high-dose resveratrol can inhibit angiogenesis—a desirable effect in diseases characterized by excessive or abnormal vessel growth, such as cancer and endometriosis.

In another study, resveratrol suppresses the VEGF signaling pathway, reducing endothelial cell proliferation and migration in laboratory models. It also decreases VEGF receptor-2 (VEGFR2) activation and limits enzymes like MMP-9 that remodel tissue for new vessel formation.

Want to learn more about resveratrol and how to incorporate it in your diet, with or without alcohol?

Discover the science behind this bioactive and enjoy a festive twist ⭐️! Download our free Bioactive Spotlight guide—including a holiday drink recipe—to safely add resveratrol to your diet.

Stay connected with us to receive the latest on evidence-based research, healthcare advancements, and practical tips.

Best wishes,
- The Angiogenesis Foundation

P.S. This giving season, your support matters more than ever. A donation of any size helps accelerate research and ensures our science reaches the people who need it.

Donate to the Angiogenesis Foundation today.

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